skeptik.ee Border Areas and strange men
Since the last few weeks has revived the debate on our "core and identity", ie. ses in our home and because of the wide variety of assumptions regarding the enduring obvious mythological homedecocenter thinking (EV Saks) to the fictional speculation (L. Sea), and as a commentator Salvey specifically asked, I decided to post here a small overview, which I did in 2009. at the end. Any errors or inaccuracies in drawing attention to is welcome.
Below refereed population genetics studies are engaged in border areas: first of farmers and hunter-gatherers, and from there to the border between Estonia and its neighbors, which form the western boundary of the Finno-Ugric world. The majority of studies have analyzed both the paternally-transferable Y-chromosome homedecocenter DNA and maternally transferable mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers. The historical population genetics over the past 20 years all over the world, and the very high-profile. In Estonia, the researchers Tambets K., R. Villems others. This is one of the few natural science methods, which allow us to glimpse into the past. Linguistics, allows to show the different languages and the development of links, but its findings are very difficult to be dated. Again, dealing with the archaeological material culture and the archaeological culture concept of linking ethnicity to be very careful especially in the distant past, or quit altogether.
If you are in any given case euroopapärane mtDNA, Y-chromosome DNA haplogrupid distinguished part, which refer to male migrant arrivals - Finno-Ugric and children associated with the N3 (Indo) European 'I, and 1a.
In 2009 a. was released in October in the journal homedecocenter "Science" Bramante and others. homedecocenter study that sheds light on the best of past agricultural history. The question of the extent to which the migration took place, homedecocenter with the spread of agriculture and the extent to which the skill distribution, has been at the center of a dispute for a long time. The study group was maternally inherited homedecocenter mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) samples from 22 hunter-gatherers representatives of the cultural remnants and compared it to a sample of 25 farmers have the thieves. Samples will be between 13,400 to 2300 BC.
Compared with either group of modern Europeans, revealed in today's intra-European variability compared to the next-owned magnitude difference. Direct succession hunter-gatherer and contemporary homedecocenter Europeans should be discussed at a very specific demographic conditions, if the effective female population would have to be less than 3000. This is not consistent with archaeological data, while there is such a "bottle neck" is also difficult to rule out. It is also difficult to determine the relationship between the effective female population and the actual population between.
The majority of today's Europeans carry the phylogenetic H, V, U, J, or T (derived from the phylogenetic R-ist), or I, W, or X (coming from the phylogenetic N-ist). Although some of the sub-group, such as U5, are generally unique to Europe, is found in the majority homedecocenter of those referred to in both Asia and North Africa. The survey revealed that 82% of hunters-gatherers wore the phylogenetic U, a predominantly U5. In today's Europeans, there is that 1-5 percent of the population from the Mediterranean coast to more than 40 per cent of the Saami of Scandinavia. Since U5 is rare outside of Europe, it can be assumed that the U-posted the post-glacial period in Europe since 21 000 a. BC usual.
However, the early farmers were not found in samples of U4 and U5 were common carriers and N1a, H, et al. types. Hunter-gatherers in the samples homedecocenter could not be found again, N1a and H types. Consequently, homedecocenter there is reason to believe that the spread of agriculture in Europe was associated with significant migration, during which at least initially, there was no mixing of the population. The authors find that the genetic diversity of modern Europeans can not be well explained by the early farmers homedecocenter and hunter-gatherer populations gradually mix.
Lapps look at the issue as follows Tambetsi others. since 2004. Unlike the study of Bramante and others. This study covers both mtDNA and Y-chromosome (paternally inherited homedecocenter by) markers. Saami were compared with 445 and 17 096 European and Siberian mtDNA samples, homedecocenter and 127 Saami and 2,840 European and Siberian Y-chromosome samples. One predominantly concerned haplogrupi U5b1b Sámi people under 31 populations were analyzed.
Archaeological data from the spread of Ahrensburg culture probably descendants of the Atlantic coast of northern Scandinavia was (and Komsa Fosna-Hensbacka crops), Finland homedecocenter and the Kola Peninsula of Swidry cultural homedecocenter descendants of Karelia and Finland, through Scandinavia. As shown below, supports homedecocenter this theory, genetics, at least for the parent line.
Saami mtDNA samples occur predominantly (89%) and V U5b (widespread in Europe only a subset of the group U5) haplogrupid, which is the average frequency of the Urals spread to Europe on the Iberian Peninsula, but there are virtually no Ob-Ugrian, Samoyeds, and other põlissiber
Since the last few weeks has revived the debate on our "core and identity", ie. ses in our home and because of the wide variety of assumptions regarding the enduring obvious mythological homedecocenter thinking (EV Saks) to the fictional speculation (L. Sea), and as a commentator Salvey specifically asked, I decided to post here a small overview, which I did in 2009. at the end. Any errors or inaccuracies in drawing attention to is welcome.
Below refereed population genetics studies are engaged in border areas: first of farmers and hunter-gatherers, and from there to the border between Estonia and its neighbors, which form the western boundary of the Finno-Ugric world. The majority of studies have analyzed both the paternally-transferable Y-chromosome homedecocenter DNA and maternally transferable mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers. The historical population genetics over the past 20 years all over the world, and the very high-profile. In Estonia, the researchers Tambets K., R. Villems others. This is one of the few natural science methods, which allow us to glimpse into the past. Linguistics, allows to show the different languages and the development of links, but its findings are very difficult to be dated. Again, dealing with the archaeological material culture and the archaeological culture concept of linking ethnicity to be very careful especially in the distant past, or quit altogether.
If you are in any given case euroopapärane mtDNA, Y-chromosome DNA haplogrupid distinguished part, which refer to male migrant arrivals - Finno-Ugric and children associated with the N3 (Indo) European 'I, and 1a.
In 2009 a. was released in October in the journal homedecocenter "Science" Bramante and others. homedecocenter study that sheds light on the best of past agricultural history. The question of the extent to which the migration took place, homedecocenter with the spread of agriculture and the extent to which the skill distribution, has been at the center of a dispute for a long time. The study group was maternally inherited homedecocenter mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) samples from 22 hunter-gatherers representatives of the cultural remnants and compared it to a sample of 25 farmers have the thieves. Samples will be between 13,400 to 2300 BC.
Compared with either group of modern Europeans, revealed in today's intra-European variability compared to the next-owned magnitude difference. Direct succession hunter-gatherer and contemporary homedecocenter Europeans should be discussed at a very specific demographic conditions, if the effective female population would have to be less than 3000. This is not consistent with archaeological data, while there is such a "bottle neck" is also difficult to rule out. It is also difficult to determine the relationship between the effective female population and the actual population between.
The majority of today's Europeans carry the phylogenetic H, V, U, J, or T (derived from the phylogenetic R-ist), or I, W, or X (coming from the phylogenetic N-ist). Although some of the sub-group, such as U5, are generally unique to Europe, is found in the majority homedecocenter of those referred to in both Asia and North Africa. The survey revealed that 82% of hunters-gatherers wore the phylogenetic U, a predominantly U5. In today's Europeans, there is that 1-5 percent of the population from the Mediterranean coast to more than 40 per cent of the Saami of Scandinavia. Since U5 is rare outside of Europe, it can be assumed that the U-posted the post-glacial period in Europe since 21 000 a. BC usual.
However, the early farmers were not found in samples of U4 and U5 were common carriers and N1a, H, et al. types. Hunter-gatherers in the samples homedecocenter could not be found again, N1a and H types. Consequently, homedecocenter there is reason to believe that the spread of agriculture in Europe was associated with significant migration, during which at least initially, there was no mixing of the population. The authors find that the genetic diversity of modern Europeans can not be well explained by the early farmers homedecocenter and hunter-gatherer populations gradually mix.
Lapps look at the issue as follows Tambetsi others. since 2004. Unlike the study of Bramante and others. This study covers both mtDNA and Y-chromosome (paternally inherited homedecocenter by) markers. Saami were compared with 445 and 17 096 European and Siberian mtDNA samples, homedecocenter and 127 Saami and 2,840 European and Siberian Y-chromosome samples. One predominantly concerned haplogrupi U5b1b Sámi people under 31 populations were analyzed.
Archaeological data from the spread of Ahrensburg culture probably descendants of the Atlantic coast of northern Scandinavia was (and Komsa Fosna-Hensbacka crops), Finland homedecocenter and the Kola Peninsula of Swidry cultural homedecocenter descendants of Karelia and Finland, through Scandinavia. As shown below, supports homedecocenter this theory, genetics, at least for the parent line.
Saami mtDNA samples occur predominantly (89%) and V U5b (widespread in Europe only a subset of the group U5) haplogrupid, which is the average frequency of the Urals spread to Europe on the Iberian Peninsula, but there are virtually no Ob-Ugrian, Samoyeds, and other põlissiber
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